World map 700 AD

Primary Sources for East-Hem_700ad.jpg:

1.   The DK Atlas of World History,  2000 edition.  Map of “The World in 750 CE”.  Pgs 54-55.
2.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”

              World History Maps Inc., Alexandria, VA, 2008. Available at www.WorldHistoryMaps.com.

3.   User:Javierfv1212.  Map of “World_Map_700_CE.PNG”.  Available on Wikipedia.

I – African information

   * Anbiya is derived from:

1.   The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 Edition.  Map of “The World in 750 CE”.  Pgs 54-55.

   * African Tribal locations are derived from:

1.   The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 Edition.  Combination of:

               a – Map of “The World in 750 CE”.  Pgs 54-55.

               b – Map of “The Development of Complex Societies in Africa ”.  Pg 160.

2.   User:Javierfv1212.  Map of “World_Map_700_CE.PNG”.  Available on Wikipedia.

   * Ghana is derived from:

1.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”

   * North African borders are derived from:

1.   Euratlas.  Periodical Historical Atlas of Europe.  Map of “Europe in 700 AD”.
2.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”

   * Sao Civilization (collapsing) is derived from:

1.   Wikipedia.  Article about the “Sao Civilization”.

II – Asian Information

   Asian information is derived primarily from these sources:

1.   The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 Edition.  Map of “The World in 750 CE”.  Pgs 54-55.
2.   Albert Herrmann, Ph.D.  History & Commercial Atlas of China.  Map of “Asia in 750 AD”.
3.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”
4.   User:Javierfv1212.  Map of “World_Map_700_CE.PNG”.  Available on Wikipedia.

   * Arab Empire (Umayyad Caliphate) borders are derived from:

1.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”
2.   Euratlas.  Periodical Historical Atlas of Europe.  Map of “Europe in 700 AD”.

   * Caucasian borders (inc. Abkhasia, Alans, Iberian Emirate, & Lazica)

1.   Euratlas.  Periodical Historical Atlas of Europe.  Map of “Europe in 700 AD”.

   * Central Asia & Steppe Tribes are derived from:

1.   Albert Herrmann, Ph.D.  History & Commercial Atlas of China.  Map of “Asia in 750 AD”.
2.   The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 Edition.  Map of “The World in 750 CE”.  Pgs 54-55.

   * Chinese Empire (Tang Dynasty) borders are from:

1.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”

   * Greater India (Including modern Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan):

1.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”
2.   Joseph Schwartzberg.  The Historical Atlas of South Asia.  Combination of:

               a – Map of “Pusyabhuti & Calukyan ascendancy c. 550-700 AD“.

               b – Map of “Gurjara-Pratiharas, Palas, and Rastrakutas, c. A.D. 700-975”.

   * Japanese Islands information is from:

1.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”
2.   The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 Edition.  Map of “The First Empires of Japan ”.  Pg 264.

   * Khazar Khanate borders:

1.   Euratlas.  Periodical Historical Atlas of Europe.  Map of “Europe in 700 AD”.
2.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”

   * Korean & Manchurian information is derived from:

1.   Park Hyeon.  Historical Maps of Korea.  Maps of “Korea in 676 AD” and “Korea in 732 AD”.  Available on Wikipedia.

   * Kwarezm, Gilan, & Tabaristan borders:

1.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”

   * Roman (Byzantine) Empire borders:

1.   Euratlas.  Periodical Historical Atlas of Europe.  Map of “Europe in 700 AD”.
2.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”

   * Southeast Asia (including modern Indo-China, Indonesia, etc.):

1.   The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 edition.  Map of “Southeast Asia, 650-1250 CE”.  Pg 245.
2.   John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”
3.   Joseph Schwartzberg.  The Historical Atlas of South Asia.  Map of “Southeast Asia, C. 650-1250 AD”.

   * Tibetan Empire borders are derived from a combination of:

       Note:  User:Porikolpok_Oxom created this map of “Kamarupa_7th-8th_Century_AD.jpg”, depicting different borders

               for Kamarupa, Gauda, Tripura, and Manipur.

1.   The DK Atlas of World History, 2000 edition.  Map of “Tang China & its neighbors c. 750 CE”.  Pg 262.

                    Note:  The DK Atlas depicts Tibet ’s borders (c. 800 AD) including northern India for the entire length of

                    the Ganges river, including Kamarupa, Bengal , Magadha , etc., under control of Tibet .

2.   Albert Herrmann, Ph.D.  History & Commercial Atlas of China.  Map of “Asia in 750 AD”.

                    Note:  Herrmann’s map depicts Tibetan control over Kamarupa, Bengal, and Pala in 750 AD

3.   John Nelson. Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE. Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”

                    Note:  Nelson’s map depicts Tibetan control only over the Tibetan plateau region.

4.   Joseph Schwartzberg.  The Historical Atlas of South Asia.  Map of “Pusyabhuti & Calukyan ascendancy c. 550-700 AD“.

                    Note:  Map notes that Tibetan King Songtsän Gampo (582?-650 AD) conquered Nepal and Kamarupa, and invaded Tirabhukti.

5.   Alex McKay.  “The History of Tibet: Vol 1, Early Period to 850 AD”.  Pg 54.  (ISBN:0415308429)

                    Note:  States that Nepal ’s Licchavi Dynasty became vassals of Tibet in the early 600s AD, and notes that the Pala Empire

                         under King Dharmapala accepted Tibetan overlordship.

6.   S. Chand.  “Ancient India”.  Pg 632.  Available through Google books.  (ISBN:8121908876)

                    Note:  Describes Tibetan activities in India during the reign of King Songtsän Gampo of Tibet and King Harsha Vardhana

                         of Kannauj.  Also describes Tibetan sovereignty over Kamarupa and Kannauj after the death of King Harsha.

7.   Wikipedia.  Articles about “History of Tibet” and “Songtsän Gampo”.

                    Note:  The articles state that Tibet & Nepal led a joint attack on Harsha’s successor in 648 AD, and subjugated

                        northern India in retaliation for an Indian attack on a Chinese envoy named Xuanzang.

8.     RA Stein.  “Tibetan Civilization”.  (Revised English edition, 1972).  Pg 62.

                    ( Stanford University Press, p. 62. ISBN 0-8047-0806-1 cloth; ISBN 0-8047-0901-7 pbk., pp. 58-59)

9.   New York : The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Oct 2001.  Timeline of Art History.

                    Section on the “Himalayan Region, 500-1000 AD”.

III – European Information

   * European borders are mostly derived from:

1.  Euratlas.  Periodical Historical Atlas of Europe.  Map of “Europe in 700 AD”.

               Note:  User:Bogomolov.PL has discovered possible errors in some of my European borders

                    compared to this source, due to the different geographical layout of the maps.

2.  John Nelson.  Interactive Historical Atlas of the World since 500BCE.  Map of the “Countries of the World 1/1/700 CE.”

Note:  Much of the information in this map was cross-checked with Bruce Gordon’s Regnal Chronologies.